¿Qué significa soberanía científica? Tensiones entre libertad y planificación en documentos relativos al primer peronismo (Argentina, 1945-1955)

Abstract

The article exposes and characterizes a set of documents produced during the first Peronism that refer to the problem of scientific sovereignty in Argentina. The selection of materials, resulting from the research process, includes government documents –Plan de Gobierno 1947-1951 (1946), national Constitution (1949), law 13529 (1949), Segundo Plan Quinquenal (1952), Manual Práctico del Segundo Plan Quinquenal (1953)– and editorials of Ciencia e Investigación (1945-1955), a magazine published by the Argentine Association for the Progress of Sciences, linked to the “Houssay Group”. The analysis investigates, from a discursive perspective, the tensions of meaning that go through the expressions “freedom”, “autonomy” and “planning”. This is a relevant area of the archive to historicize and interrogate the relationships between conditions of scientific practices in Argentina and State policies, research and technology, scientific institutions and productive development, subjects of science and citizenship.